Authors
- Rakhimov Ilgizar Ilyasovich Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor
- Ibragimova Kadriya Kamilevna candidate of biological sciences, Ph.D. (Biology), docent of the department of Hygiene and Public Health of the Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology of the Kazan Federal University. E-mail: ngmirsaitov@litsey2.ru
Annotation
The purpose of the work is to identify the landscape and geographical features of the territory of the Middle Volga region in the XIII–XV centuries. And factors that determine the dynamics of the development of forest, forest-steppe and agrolandschaft of the east of the Russian plain. For analysis, data from various literary sources, published scientific papers, descriptions of annals were used. Familiarity with historical documents gives a different picture of the shape of natural landscapes of the XIII–XV centuries, different from modern borders. In the pre-Mongol period, forests covered most of the territory of the European part of Russia. During the Mongol military campaigns, raids of the Golden Horde troops, the situation is changing. The changes in the landscape appearance of the Volga region were facilitated by events that played a significant role in reducing the forest-covered territory and moving the forest-steppe zone to the north. The peculiarities of the offensive tactics of the Mongolian troops using exclusively cavalry, tactics of troop movement, fires near the besieged cities led to a reduction in forests in places of active hostilities. Agriculture, cattle breeding, actively developing in areas liberated from the forest, did not contribute to the restoration of forests.
How to link insert
Rakhimov, I. I. & Ibragimova, K. K. (2022). Changing the natural landscapes of the Middle Volga region as a result of the military campaigns of the Golden Horde Bulletin of the Moscow City Pedagogical University. Series "Pedagogy and Psychology", 2022, №1 (45), 7. https://doi.org/10.25688/2076-9091.2022.45.1.1
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