DENSITY AND SPECIES RICHNESS OF BIRDS IN THE ISHIM FOREST-STEPPE AND STEPPE OF NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN IN THE FIRST HALF OF SUMMER

The article analyzes the population density and species richness of ornitho- complexes in five areas of the southern forest-steppe and northern steppe of the Ishim fo rest- steppe and steppe of the West Siberian-Kazakhstan steppe region of Northern Kazakhstan in the first half of summer (from May 16 to July 15) in 2010, 2011, 2024 and 2025. Trends in the dynamics of the total abundance and species richness of birds from urbanized areas to natural landscapes of the forest-steppe and steppe of Northern Kazakhstan are determined. Aspects of natural and anthropogenic impact on the population density of birds and their bio - diversity are discussed. The maximum total bird abundance was found in resi dential habitats; in steppe habitats, bird population densities were five times lower than in cities and seven times lower than in forested areas. The minimum total bird abundance was found in flowing and stagnant water bodies. Species richness, on the contrary, decreases from the floodplain forest-meadow landscape of the Ishim River to moderately forested habi tats and to the high- rise residential areas of cities and the industrial zone of Petropavlovsk. Minimal bird species richness is characteristic of the dry basins of bitter-salt lakes and wheat fields in the northern steppe